Table 2: Effect of biostimulant(s) application on number of pods per plant (P), leaf area (LA), plant length (PL), hundred seed weight (100-SW), plant dry matter (PDW), grain yield (GY), harvest index (HI), number of leaves per plant (LN) and days to 50% flowering (D50%FL) of bambara landrace (LND 6 and LND 15) groundnut (Vigna subterranea) plants

Landrace Treatment P LA (cm2) PL (cm) 100-SW (g) PDW (g) GY (g) HI LN D50%FL
LND 6 Control one 2.5±0.6b 69.33±5b 15.17±1.2b 20.17±1.2b 5.7±0.0b 10.8±0.8b 2±0.0b 19.8±0.8c 43.7±2.6b
Control two 2.3±0.4b 74.00±5ab 17±0.9b 19.00±1.9b 6±0.28b 10.2±0.7b 1.67±0.2b 26.9±1.4b 39.7±2.1b
Vigo 6.3±0.5a 96.5±5.2a 19.5±1.2b 38.67±3.1a 6.2±0.17b 18.2±0.7a 3±0.0a 35.3±1.8a 31.7±1.2a
LND 15 Control one 4.8±1.3b 121.7±8.4a 16.7±0.8b 29±1.9b 5.7±0.49b 18.8±3.6b 3.7±0.8b 15.7±0.74a 46.3±2.09b
Control two 8.2±1.1b 142.2±8.1a 18.2±0.5b 29.8±1.0b 7±0.0a 29.2±2.9b 4.2±0.48b 16.94±0.79a 37.8±2.06ab
Vigo 14.5±0.6a 149±8.5a 19.2±1.2b 37.5±2.5a 7.2±1.66a 46.5±2.5a 6.67±0.49a 17.6±0.90a 32.2±2.09a

Values are means ± SE (n = 3) and differences between means were compared by Tukey (HSD) test (p = 0.05). Mean pairs followed by different letters are significantly different.

Figure 1a: Effects of biostimulants (Vigo E (HS) relative to two controls, untreated water (C), and fertilizer (F)) on the hundred seed weight of bambara groundnut landrace (LND 15) at harvest (150 DAT). Error bars indicate SE (n = 3). The different letters on the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five treatments (Tukey (HSD) Test).

Figure 1b: Effects of biostimulants (Vigo E (HS) relative to two controls, untreated water (C), and fertilizer (F)) on the grain yield of bambara groundnut landrace (LND 6) at harvest (150 DAT). Error bars indicate SE (n = 3). The different letters on the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five treatments (Tukey (HSD) Test).

Figure 2a: Effects of biostimulants (Vigo E (HS) relative to two controls, untreated water (C), and fertilizer (F)) on the number of pods per plant of bambara groundnut landrace (LND 15) at harvest (150 DAT). Error bars indicate SE (n = 3). The different letters on the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five treatments (Tukey (HSD) Test).

Figure 2a: Effects of biostimulants (Vigo E (HS) relative to two controls, untreated water (C), and fertilizer (F)) on the number of pods per plant of bambara groundnut landrace (LND 6) at harvest (150 DAT). Error bars indicate SE (n = 3). The different letters on the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five treatments (Tukey (HSD) Test).

Figure 3a: Effects of biostimulants (Vigo E (HS) relative to two controls, untreated water (C), and fertilizer (F)) on the grain yield of bambara groundnut landrace (LND 15) at harvest (150 DAT). Error bars indicate SE (n = 3). The different letters on the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five treatments (Tukey (HSD) Test).

Figure 3a: Effects of biostimulants (Vigo E (HS) relative to two controls, untreated water (C), and fertilizer (F)) on the grain yield of bambara groundnut landrace (LND 15) at harvest (150 DAT). Error bars indicate SE (n = 3). The different letters on the columns indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five treatments (Tukey (HSD) Test).